It is also influenced by environmental factors, including family environment, with some suggesting it can be learned. Variation in optimism and pessimism is somewhat heritable and reflects biological trait systems to some degree. Methods to measure optimism have been developed within both of these theoretical approaches, such as various forms of the Life Orientation Test for the original dispositional definition of optimism and the Attributional Style Questionnaire designed to test optimism in terms of explanatory style. Theories of optimism include dispositional models and models of explanatory style. For this reason, it is seen as a trait that fosters resilience in the face of stress. It thus reflects a belief that future conditions will work out for the best. This is usually referred to in psychology as dispositional optimism. Being optimistic, in the typical sense of the word, is defined as expecting the best possible outcome from any given situation. The term derives from the Latin optimum, meaning "best". A common idiom used to illustrate optimism versus pessimism is a glass filled with water to the halfway point: an optimist is said to see the glass as half full, while a pessimist sees the glass as half empty. Optimism is an attitude reflecting a belief or hope that the outcome of some specific endeavor, or outcomes in general, will be positive, favorable, and desirable. The west side of the wall is covered with graffiti that reflects hope and optimism.
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